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 === Prohibitionsregime ===
-Globale Prohibitionsregime (Nadelmann 1990) können verschiedene Gegenstände haben und unterschiedliche Ziele gesundheitspolitischer, ökonomischer, weltanschaulicher oder machtpolitischer Art verfolgen.
+==== Regime ====
+Ein Regime besteht laut Stephen D. Krasner (Structural Causes and Regime Consequences: Regimes as Intervening Variables. In: International Organization, Vol. 36, 2, 1982, S. 185–205) aus
+:implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures around which actors’ expectations converge in a given area of international relations. Principles are beliefs of fact, causation, and rectitude. Norms are standards of behavior defined in terms of rights and obligations. Rules are specific prescriptions or proscriptions for action. Decision-making procedures are prevailing practices for making and implementing collective choice.
+Das heißt, es bedarf viererlei Ingredienzien:
+Prinzipien (gemeinsame Grundannahmen),
+Normen (Allgemeine Verhaltensstandards),
+Regeln (Spezifische Verhaltensvorschriften) und
+Verfahren (Konkrete, gemeinsam verabredete Prozeduren).
+==== Prohibitionsregime ====
+Ein Prohibitionsregime dient dem prinzipiellen oder eingeschränkten Verbot von Tätigkeiten oder Objekten.
+==== Global Prohibition Regime ====
+Ein globales Prohibitionsregime (Nadelmann 1990) intendiert eine weltweite Beteiligung zur Lösung weltweiter Probleme (Schutz von Menschenrechten, Artenschutz, Klimaschutz).
+Nadelman, Ethan A.. Global Prohibition Regimes: The Evolution of Norms in International Society. International Organization 44 (Autumn 1990): 479-526.
+[http://toprovenothing.blogspot.de/2008/07/nadelman-global-prohibition-regimes.html “This article (about global prohibition regimes)] analyzes how and why particular norms have evolved into global prohibition regimes and why they have proven more or less successful in suppressing deviant activities” (479-80).
+“It is true that international regimes tend to reflect the economic and political interests of the dominant members of international society. But it is also true…that moral and emotional factors related to neither political nor economic advantage but instead involving religious beliefs, humanitarian sentiments, faith in universalism, compassion, conscience, paternalism, fear, prejudice, and the compulsion to proselytize can and do play important roles in the creation and the evolution of international regimes” (480).
+Certain things are globally recognized as being illegitimate: rape, incest, violating sovereignty to catch criminals, human sacrifice and cannibalism, for example. The question posed by Nadelman is why do some prohibition regimes become global in scale (482)?
+“Most global prohibition regimes, including those targeted against piracy, slavery, and drug trafficking, evidence a common evolutionary pattern consisting of four or five stages. During the first stage, most societies regard the targeted activity as entirely legitimate under certain conditions and with respect to certain groups of people; states often are the principal protagonists and abettors of the activity…During the second stage, the activity is redefined as a problem and as an evil—generally by international legal scholars, religious groups, and other moral entrepreneurs—and explicit government involvement in the activity is gradually delegitimized…During the third stage, regime proponents begin to agitate actively for the suppression and criminalization of the activity by all states and the formation of international conventions…If the efforts of the regime proponents prove successful, a fourth stage begins. During this stage, the activity becomes the subject of criminal laws and police action throughout much of the world, and international institutions and conventions emerge to play a coordinating role…In some cases, a fifth stage is attained, during which the incidence of the proscribed activity is greatly reduced, persisting only on a small scale and in obscure locations” (494-5).
+“Success in attaining the fifth stage of regime development has thus come to depend primarily on the nature of the criminal activity and its susceptibility to criminal justice measures, both of which can be strongly influenced over time by technological developments” (486).
+Nadelman then examines piracy, slavery, criminals in other sovereign territories, drug trafficking, prostitution and the killing of whales and elephants.
+“Norms that evolve into global prohibition regimes typically have two features in common: they mirror the criminal laws of states that have dominated global society to date…, and they target criminal activities that in one way or another transcend national borders” (524).
+Global prohibition regimes can be greatly undermined by states that choose not to conform. One of the great challenges for these regimes is whether or not non-conformist states can be made to fall in line.
 Prohibitionsgesetze sollen Personen von etwas fernhalten. Allerdings sind sie meist relativ. Das heißt, es gibt die Möglichkeit von Ausnahme-Genehmigungen für bestimmte Zwecke. So war es auch während der Alkohol-Prohibition in den USA möglich, sich von Ärzten  [https://prohibition.osu.edu/american-prohibition-1920/medicinal-alcohol medizinischen Alkohol verschreiben zu lassen.
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 ==Literatur==
-Asbridge, M./ Weerasinghe, S.: „Homicide in Chicago from 1890 to 1930: prohibition
+*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19207343 Asbridge, M./ Weerasinghe, S. (2009) Homicide in Chicago from 1890 to 1930: prohibition and its impact on alcohol- and non-alcohol-related homicides. In: Addiction Vol. 104, Iss. 3, 355–364].
-and its impact on alcohol- and non-alcohol-related homicides. In: Society for the Study of Addiction (Hg.) Addiction. Addiction     History,Volume  104, Issue 3,London,  2009: 355–364
+*Behr, Edward (1996, 2011) Prohibition: Thirteen years that changed America. New York: Arcade.
+:Bootlegger George Remus recounted to the Senate how he was able to sell massive amounts of whiskey as medicine after purchasing a license from United States Attorney General Harry Daugherty.
 Berner, P.: Ursachen für das Scheitern der Prohibition. Norderstedt, 2006
-Blocker, J.S. Jr.: Did Prohibition Really Work? Alcohol Prohibition as a Public Health Innovation.In: Alston,A./Selzer,B.:American Journal of Public Health, Volume 96, Issue 2, Washington, 2006: 233-243
+*Blocker, J.S. Jr.: Did Prohibition Really Work? Alcohol Prohibition as a Public Health Innovation.In: Alston,A./Selzer,B.:American Journal of Public Health, Volume 96, Issue 2, Washington, 2006: 233-243
 Cowan, R.: "How the Narcs Created Crack.  A War Against Ourselves".In: Steyn, M. (Hg.) National Review, Volume 38, New York, 1986: 26–34
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 ==Weblinks==
+*[http://www.history.com/topics/prohibition/print "Prohibition", in: History (Channel) Prohibition]
 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_regime International Regime, in: en.wikipedia]