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Abolizionismo 1.2: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
Abolizionismo 1.2 (Quelltext anzeigen)
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*[[Abolizionismo 1.2]] | |||
*[[Abolizionismo 1.3]] | |||
*[[Abolizionismo 1.4]] | |||
*[[Abolizionismo 2.1]] | |||
*[[Abolizionismo 2.2]] | |||
*[[Abolizionismo 2.3]] | |||
*[[Abolizionismo 2.4]] | |||
== Dall'abolizione all'abolizionismo == | == Dall'abolizione all'abolizionismo == | ||
Su 1789/06/17, i 600 deputati del Terzo Stato (la borghesia) dichiarate per l'Assemblea Costituente Nazionale (Costituente) e abolito i privilegi della nobiltà e del clero. Sul 1789/08/26 la "Dichiarazione dei Diritti Umani" è stata effettuata dall'Assemblea Nazionale. | Su 1789/06/17, i 600 deputati del Terzo Stato (la borghesia) dichiarate per l'Assemblea Costituente Nazionale (Costituente) e abolito i privilegi della nobiltà e del clero. Sul 1789/08/26 la "Dichiarazione dei Diritti Umani" è stata effettuata dall'Assemblea Nazionale. | ||
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==L'abolizione della tratta degli schiavi== | ==L'abolizione della tratta degli schiavi== | ||
=== | === L'abolizione della schiavitù: più grande revoluzione della storia === | ||
Artikel 4 der Allgemeinen Erklärung der Menschenrechte lautet: | |||
"No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms." | [http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml#a4 Artikel 4 der Allgemeinen Erklärung der Menschenrechte 1948] lautet: | ||
:"No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms." | |||
In der ersten Etappe (1787-1807) konzentrierte sich der Kampf gegen die Sklaverei auf den transatlantischen Menschenhandel, danach auf die Abschaffung der Sklaverei in den USA und überall sonst auf der Welt. Nachdem die USA die Sklaverei abgeschafft hatten (1865), folgte 1888 als letztes Land Brasilien. | In der ersten Etappe (1787-1807) konzentrierte sich der Kampf gegen die Sklaverei auf den transatlantischen Menschenhandel, danach auf die Abschaffung der Sklaverei in den USA und überall sonst auf der Welt. Nachdem die USA die Sklaverei abgeschafft hatten (1865), folgte 1888 als letztes Land Brasilien. | ||
Two hundred years ago, three-quarters of the world's population were in | '''Two hundred years ago, three-quarters of the world's population were in | ||
bondage of one kind or another. Eighty thousand slaves were trafficked every | bondage of one kind or another. Eighty thousand slaves were trafficked every | ||
year from Africa to the New World. Ship owners, slave traders, sugar | year from Africa to the New World. Ship owners, slave traders, sugar | ||
exporters, chocolate makers and plantation owners were earning fortunes. | exporters, chocolate makers and plantation owners were earning fortunes.''' | ||
Only one MP, William Wilberforce, was active in the abolitionists' cause. Yet | Only one MP, William Wilberforce, was active in the abolitionists' cause. Yet | ||
with organisation, enthusiasm and imaginative campaigning, the abolitionists | with organisation, enthusiasm and imaginative campaigning, the abolitionists | ||
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*1789: Clarkson promotes the Committee's cause by encouraging the sale of Equiano's memoir and inviting the former slave to lecture in British ports linked to the slave trade. | *1789: Clarkson promotes the Committee's cause by encouraging the sale of Equiano's memoir and inviting the former slave to lecture in British ports linked to the slave trade. | ||
*1791: William Wilberforce introduces the first Bill to abolish the slave trade. It is defeated by 163 votes to 88. As Wilberforce continued to bring the issue of the slave trade before Parliament, Clarkson and others on the Committee traveled, raised funds, lobbied, and wrote anti-slavery works. They conducted a protracted parliamentary campaign, during which Wilberforce introduced a motion in favour of abolition almost every year. | *1791: [[William Wilberforce]] introduces the first Bill to abolish the slave trade. | ||
It is defeated by '''163 votes to 88.''' As Wilberforce continued to bring the issue of the slave trade before Parliament, Clarkson and others on the Committee traveled, raised funds, lobbied, and wrote anti-slavery works. They conducted a protracted parliamentary campaign, during which Wilberforce introduced a motion in favour of abolition almost every year. | |||
*1783: Nel 1783 i quaccheri inglesi iniciano la battaglia contre la schiavitù in Inghilterra. | *1783: Nel 1783 i quaccheri inglesi iniciano la battaglia contre la schiavitù in Inghilterra. | ||
:In June 1783, Friends became aware that a Bill relating to the slave trade was before the House of Commons. Friends were at their annual gathering in London, and seizing this opportunity, on June 17 1783 London Yearly Meeting presented to Parliament the first petition against the slave trade signed by 273 Quakers. Three days later, Meeting for Sufferings set up a 23-member committee - the Committee on the Slave Trade to 'embrace all opportunities to promote the intention of the Yearly Meeting respecting the slave trade' and 'to obtain and publish "such information as may tend to the abolition of the slave trade'. This committee was Britain's first anti-slavery organisation. A few weeks later in July 1783 six Friends met informally as a separate group to enlighten the public mind on the slave trade. They did this by sending anti-slavery articles to the newspapers, and lobbying Members of Parliament and other notables. These Quaker abolitionists were ordinary people, who recognised that the trade was a violation of their fundamental belief in the equality of all human beings - and decided to do something about it. They included a physician, chemist, tinplate worker, printer, conveyancer, linen-bleacher, weaver, woollen draper, maltser, cutler, and surgeon. | :In June 1783, Friends became aware that a Bill relating to the slave trade was before the House of Commons. Friends were at their annual gathering in London, and seizing this opportunity, on June 17 1783 London Yearly Meeting presented to Parliament the first petition against the slave trade signed by 273 Quakers. Three days later, Meeting for Sufferings set up a 23-member committee - the Committee on the Slave Trade to 'embrace all opportunities to promote the intention of the Yearly Meeting respecting the slave trade' and 'to obtain and publish "such information as may tend to the abolition of the slave trade'. This committee was Britain's first anti-slavery organisation. A few weeks later in July 1783 six Friends met informally as a separate group to enlighten the public mind on the slave trade. They did this by sending anti-slavery articles to the newspapers, and lobbying Members of Parliament and other notables. These Quaker abolitionists were ordinary people, who recognised that the trade was a violation of their fundamental belief in the equality of all human beings - and decided to do something about it. They included a physician, chemist, tinplate worker, printer, conveyancer, linen-bleacher, weaver, woollen draper, maltser, cutler, and surgeon. | ||