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→‎From abolition to abolitionism

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 == From abolition to abolitionism ==
+Quando il generale Uniti si sono dichiarati l'Assemblea nazionale, hanno sostenuto la sovranità per loro come l'incorporazione della nazione. Sovranità passata dall'essere reale del tipo Lo Stato sono io per nazionale del tipo siamo la nazione. Liberazione dai poteri repressivi dello Stato passò dall'essere fortuna individuale e capricciosità reale per un diritto del popolo a liberarsi di infrazioni non necessarie delle loro libertà. Una delle prime azioni della nuova Assemblea nazionale è stata l'abolizione della lettres de cachet e le lettres D abolizione. Notabene, Napoleone li riattivata nel 1801 sotto il nome di prigione di Stato. La questione era ed è, ovviamente, quali tipi di dominio sono dispotico, e che non sono. Montesquieu, nel 1721, ha già dato una risposta che era difficile da masticare, dicendo che tutte le leggi e tutti gli atti di governo, che non sono stati giustificati dalla pura necessità, erano dispotico. Da questo, Beccaria aveva derivato il suo programma per l'abolizione della pena di morte e la tortura del tutto. Alcuni monarchi erano convinti che avesse ragione, a suo tempo, e altri werde no. Il conflitto non è finita oggi ancora. Dick Cheney non potrebbe essere convinto fino a questo giorno.
-When the General States declared themselves the National Assembly, they claimed sovereignty for them as incorporation of the nation. Sovereignty passed from being royal of the type The State am I to national of the type We Are the Nation. Liberation from the repressive powers of the State passed from being individual luck and royal capriciousness to a right of the people to be freed of unnecessary infringements of their liberties. One of the first actions of the new National Assembly was the abolition of the lettres de cachet and the lettres d abolition. Notabene, Napoleon reactivated them in 1801 under the name of prison d’état. The question was and is, of course, which kinds of domination are despotic, and which are not. Montesquieu, in 1721, already gave an answer that was hard to chew, saying that all laws, and all acts of government, that were not justified by sheer necessity, were despotic. From this, Beccaria had derived his programme to abolish the death penalty and torture altogether. Some monarchs were convinced he was right, at his time, and others werde not. The conflict is not over today yet. Dick Cheney could not be convinced until this very day.
+:When the General States declared themselves the National Assembly, they claimed sovereignty for them as incorporation of the nation. Sovereignty passed from being royal of the type The State am I to national of the type We Are the Nation. Liberation from the repressive powers of the State passed from being individual luck and royal capriciousness to a right of the people to be freed of unnecessary infringements of their liberties. One of the first actions of the new National Assembly was the abolition of the lettres de cachet and the lettres d abolition. Notabene, Napoleon reactivated them in 1801 under the name of prison d’état. The question was and is, of course, which kinds of domination are despotic, and which are not. Montesquieu, in 1721, already gave an answer that was hard to chew, saying that all laws, and all acts of government, that were not justified by sheer necessity, were despotic. From this, Beccaria had derived his programme to abolish the death penalty and torture altogether. Some monarchs were convinced he was right, at his time, and others werde not. The conflict is not over today yet. Dick Cheney could not be convinced until this very day.
 Die Abolitionsbewegungen der Neuzeit entstammten meist dem anglo-amerikanischen politischen Protestantismus (Quäker, Mennoniten) und verfügen dort auch über eine ungebrochene Traditionslinie, während ihre kontinentaleuropäischen Gegenstücke und Ableger sich stärker aus den Quellen des Liberalismus und Sozialismus speisten, ohne allerdings in der Regel einen vergleichbaren Einfluss gewinnen zu können.