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From Mass Imprisonment to Abolition (USP): Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
From Mass Imprisonment to Abolition (USP) (Quelltext anzeigen)
Version vom 14. Dezember 2017, 17:50 Uhr
, 17:50, 14. Dez. 2017→The Solitary Renaissance
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*[[Datei:Adx-florence-prison cell 7.jpg|500px|left| A.D.X. Florence Supermax]] | *[[Datei:Adx-florence-prison cell 7.jpg|500px|left| A.D.X. Florence Supermax]] | ||
*[http://sometimes-interesting.com/2011/07/12/the-most-secure-prison-adx-florence/ A.D.X. Florence] | *[http://sometimes-interesting.com/2011/07/12/the-most-secure-prison-adx-florence/ A.D.X. Florence] is known for its harsh conditions; inmates are kept in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day. The hour they are allowed out is into a bigger cell with vaulted ceilings called the “empty swimming pool.” This room has a 4-inch by 4-foot skylight as the only window. It is designed to prevent the prisoners from knowing where they are, and they still spend this time alone. For at least the first three years, prisoners are not allowed to come into contact with other prisoners at any time – anywhere on the premises. Over time, good behavior can earn inmates more “outside” time, and for the most fortunate a possible transfer back to a less-secure prison can await. | ||
*[http://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/25/us/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-supermax-prison/index.html Inmates must wear leg irons], handcuffs and stomach chains when taken outside their cells -- and be escorted by guards. A recreation hour is allowed in an outdoor cage slightly larger than the prison cells. Inside the cage, only the sky is visible. | *[http://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/25/us/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-supermax-prison/index.html Inmates must wear leg irons], handcuffs and stomach chains when taken outside their cells -- and be escorted by guards. A recreation hour is allowed in an outdoor cage slightly larger than the prison cells. Inside the cage, only the sky is visible. | ||
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In a maximum security prison or area (called high security in the federal system), all prisoners have individual cells with sliding doors controlled from a secure remote control station. Prisoners are allowed out of their cells one out of twenty four hours (one hour and 30 minutes for prisoners in California). When out of their cells, prisoners remain in the cell block or an exterior cage. Movement out of the cell block or "pod" is tightly restricted using restraints and escorts by correctional officers. | In a maximum security prison or area (called high security in the federal system), all prisoners have individual cells with sliding doors controlled from a secure remote control station. Prisoners are allowed out of their cells one out of twenty four hours (one hour and 30 minutes for prisoners in California). When out of their cells, prisoners remain in the cell block or an exterior cage. Movement out of the cell block or "pod" is tightly restricted using restraints and escorts by correctional officers. | ||
There is also a '''renaissance of torture and secret prisons,''' so-called black sites, often operated by secret services such as the CIA and their counterparts in other countries. | There is also a '''renaissance of torture and secret prisons,''' so-called black sites, often operated by secret services such as the CIA and their counterparts in other countries. A gruesome report of torture practices there can be found [[Bruce Jessen| here]]. | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detention_camp#Criticism_and_condemnation In January 2002], Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld said the prison camp was established to detain extraordinarily dangerous people, to interrogate detainees in an optimal setting, and to prosecute detainees for war crimes. In practice, the site has long been used for indefinite detention without trial. | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detention_camp#Criticism_and_condemnation In January 2002], Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld said the prison camp was established to detain extraordinarily dangerous people, to interrogate detainees in an optimal setting, and to prosecute detainees for war crimes. In practice, the site has long been used for indefinite detention without trial. | ||
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In May 2006, the UN Committee Against Torture condemned prisoners' treatment at Guantánamo Bay, noted that indefinite detention constitutes per se a violation of the UN Convention Against Torture, and called on the U.S. to shut down the Guantánamo facility. - N.B.: Michael Lehnert, who as a U.S. Marine Brigadier General helped establish the center and was its first commander for 90 days, has stated that was dismayed at what happened after he was replaced by a U.S. Army commander. Lehnert stated that he had ensured that the detainees would be treated humanely and was disappointed that his successors allowed harsh interrogations to take place. Said Lehnert, "I think we lost the moral high ground. For those who do not think much of the moral high ground, that is not that significant. But for those who think our standing in the international community is important, we need to stand for American values. You have to walk the walk, talk the talk." Even in the earliest days of Guantánamo, I became more and more convinced that many of the detainees should never have been sent in the first place. They had little intelligence value, and there was insufficient evidence linking them to war crimes. That remains the case today for many, if not most, of the detainees. | In May 2006, the UN Committee Against Torture condemned prisoners' treatment at Guantánamo Bay, noted that indefinite detention constitutes per se a violation of the UN Convention Against Torture, and called on the U.S. to shut down the Guantánamo facility. - N.B.: Michael Lehnert, who as a U.S. Marine Brigadier General helped establish the center and was its first commander for 90 days, has stated that was dismayed at what happened after he was replaced by a U.S. Army commander. Lehnert stated that he had ensured that the detainees would be treated humanely and was disappointed that his successors allowed harsh interrogations to take place. Said Lehnert, "I think we lost the moral high ground. For those who do not think much of the moral high ground, that is not that significant. But for those who think our standing in the international community is important, we need to stand for American values. You have to walk the walk, talk the talk." Even in the earliest days of Guantánamo, I became more and more convinced that many of the detainees should never have been sent in the first place. They had little intelligence value, and there was insufficient evidence linking them to war crimes. That remains the case today for many, if not most, of the detainees. | ||
Another recent development is the (secretive) establishment of so-called Communication Management Units (CMU) within larger prison facilities. CMUs are a type of self-contained group within a federal prison in the USA that severely restricts, manages and monitors all outside communication (telephone, mail, visitation) of inmates in the unit - have existed since 2006 in the U.S.A.. - Civil liberty and human rights groups immediately questioned the constitutionality and stated that the provisions were so broad that they could be applied to non-terrorists, witnesses and detainees. The bureau appeared to abandon the program, but on December 11, 2006, a Communication Management Unit (CMU) was quietly implemented at Indiana's Federal Correctional Complex, Terre Haute. "From April to June 2010, the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) opened up a period for public comment around the establishment of two Communications Management Units” with several civil rights groups and advocates “coming together to urge the federal Bureau of Prisons to close the experimental prison units.” It is unclear who authorized the program; it was either the Justice Department Office of Legal Counsel, FBOP Director Harley Lappin or Alberto Gonzales, United States Attorney General. It is mainly thanks to investigative journalist Will Potter that part of the public has become aware of these institutions. | Another recent development is the (secretive) establishment of so-called Communication Management Units (CMU) within larger prison facilities. CMUs are a type of self-contained group within a federal prison in the USA that severely restricts, manages and monitors all outside communication (telephone, mail, visitation) of inmates in the unit - have existed since 2006 in the U.S.A.. - Civil liberty and human rights groups immediately questioned the constitutionality and stated that the provisions were so broad that they could be applied to non-terrorists, witnesses and detainees. The bureau appeared to abandon the program, but on December 11, 2006, a Communication Management Unit (CMU) was quietly implemented at Indiana's Federal Correctional Complex, Terre Haute. "From April to June 2010, the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) opened up a period for public comment around the establishment of two Communications Management Units” with several civil rights groups and advocates “coming together to urge the federal Bureau of Prisons to close the experimental prison units.” It is unclear who authorized the program; it was either the Justice Department Office of Legal Counsel, FBOP Director Harley Lappin or Alberto Gonzales, United States Attorney General. It is mainly thanks to investigative journalist Will Potter that part of the public has become aware of these institutions. | ||
=== Large Run-Down Prisons (LRDP) === | === Large Run-Down Prisons (LRDP) === | ||