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Murad IV forbade tobacco and coffee. The cause of the ban is known to be the great fire of Istanbul in the early 1630s, and the coffeehouses in Istanbul have been demolished as a precaution against a rebellion that may arise after the fire. The fatwa is about the killing of tobacco smokers. [15] When the members of the army were identified from tobacco smokers, his hand was broken and his necks had been shot. Because of the tobacco ban, even the chimneys of the houses were sniffed and people in the houses smelling tobacco were killed as punishment. In addition, the establishment of taverns and coffeehouses and the rebels to become the gathering place had made the sultan think. The ban would also be an indication of a re-establishment of the lost state authority. The sultan measured his authority according to the degree to which his ban was obeyed. For this reason, the ban was applied in a very strict manner. IV. Murad ordered the murder of those who did not comply with the ban. He changed his clothes especially in the late hours and checked whether the ban was being complied with and killed the suspects he found. He often did this practice of inspecting clothes and closed many taverns in the night himself with raids and executions. As a superior and sacred figure of the Sultan in the Topkapı Palace, the people of Istanbul, who are accustomed to be present in the palace, exhibit their power directly. That's why he looked at Murad differently. As a result of this application that the Sultan continued until his death, no sovereignty and legend have been produced against the sultan. IV. Murad's rich position in oral culture has been interpreted as a manifestation of his missing authoritarian sultan. IV. Murad also banned the drink, but he continued to drink and this addiction to death was a cause of death. From: turkish wikipedia Murad IV | Murad IV forbade tobacco and coffee. The cause of the ban is known to be the great fire of Istanbul in the early 1630s, and the coffeehouses in Istanbul have been demolished as a precaution against a rebellion that may arise after the fire. The fatwa is about the killing of tobacco smokers. [15] When the members of the army were identified from tobacco smokers, his hand was broken and his necks had been shot. Because of the tobacco ban, even the chimneys of the houses were sniffed and people in the houses smelling tobacco were killed as punishment. In addition, the establishment of taverns and coffeehouses and the rebels to become the gathering place had made the sultan think. The ban would also be an indication of a re-establishment of the lost state authority. The sultan measured his authority according to the degree to which his ban was obeyed. For this reason, the ban was applied in a very strict manner. IV. Murad ordered the murder of those who did not comply with the ban. He changed his clothes especially in the late hours and checked whether the ban was being complied with and killed the suspects he found. He often did this practice of inspecting clothes and closed many taverns in the night himself with raids and executions. As a superior and sacred figure of the Sultan in the Topkapı Palace, the people of Istanbul, who are accustomed to be present in the palace, exhibit their power directly. That's why he looked at Murad differently. As a result of this application that the Sultan continued until his death, no sovereignty and legend have been produced against the sultan. IV. Murad's rich position in oral culture has been interpreted as a manifestation of his missing authoritarian sultan. IV. Murad also banned the drink, but he continued to drink and this addiction to death was a cause of death. From: turkish wikipedia Murad IV | ||
A History of the Muslim World since 1260: The Making of a Global ... https://books.google.de/books?isbn=1351724746 | |||
*Vernon O Egger, A History of the Muslim World since 1260 (2018) "During the remainder of the decade, thousands of Ottoman subjects were dismembered or impaled for the crime of smoking tobacco. After Murat died in 1640, ..." | |||
Boston Medical and Surgical Journal (1848) https://books.google.de/books?id=obUEAAAAYAAJ : "For these reasons he claimed " the sole preemption of the tobacco growing upon the ... occasioned, as was supposed, by imprudent smokers, who went to bed with ... of whose singularities and cruelties, while at the head of the Ottoman empire, ... impaled alive, for the same offence, with a roll of tobacco around their necks." | |||
Madeline C. Zilfi, the Kadizadelis: Discordant Revivalism in Seventeenth Century Istanbul. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 45, 1986, 251-269. | Madeline C. Zilfi, the Kadizadelis: Discordant Revivalism in Seventeenth Century Istanbul. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 45, 1986, 251-269. | ||