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 ==Prisons==
-Prisons originated as a rather benevolent alternative to the cruel corporal (and capital) punishments of earlier times. This - and the fact that sentenced criminals are morally distinct from innocent victims of slave-hunters - makes it hard to portray the prison as inherently bad, unjust or evil. That may explain the fact that only very few people seem to be determined to abolish prisons immediately, wholly, and once and for all. What is generally referred to as "the prison abolition movement" consists of initiatives that - in their overwhelming majority - are highly critical of the effects of incarceration, but that limit their demands to stopping the expansion of the prison system (e.g. by means of a moratorium on prison construction) or to the step-by-step reduction of the prison system and to replace prisons with more humane and effective systems (reductionism). While reductionism can be seen as a kind of gradualism with the long-term perspective of abolition, the more conventional sectors of the prison reform movement are not aiming at overcoming the prison system as such, but rather at the improvement of prison conditions.
+There are not very many prison abolitionists ''stricto sensu'' who seek to do away with incarceration as a criminal sanction, who act on the grounds of a strong moral conviction that this kind of sanction is unjust, and who therefore call for an immediate and complete end to imprisonment. The reasons for this weakness are not difficult to detect:
+#Prisons themselves originated as a rather benevolent alternative to the cruel corporal (and capital) punishments of earlier times, making it difficult to perceive them as inherently bad
+#Prison inmates do not elicit the public sympathy reserved for innocent victims; they belong to a different moral category from victims of slavery
+#In spite of their comparatively young age as an institution, prisons managed to be perceived by the wider public as a legitimate part of a quasi-natural social order.
+What is generally referred to as "the prison abolition movement" consists of initiatives that - in their overwhelming majority - are highly critical of the effects of incarceration, but that limit their demands to stopping the expansion of the prison system (e.g. by means of a moratorium on prison construction) or to the step-by-step reduction of the prison system and to replace prisons with more humane and effective systems (reductionism). While reductionism can be seen as a kind of gradualism with the long-term perspective of abolition, the more conventional sectors of the prison reform movement are not aiming at overcoming the prison system as such, but rather at the improvement of prison conditions.
-reduce the The movement to abolish prisons is small and special in some respects. It is special in the sense that its object, the very institution of the prison, is not evidently unjust. This distinguishes it from slavery. Slaves were innocent humans who were refused humane treatment, but prisoners are more or less dangerous people who committed crimes, and who are being accorded a punishment that in some ways is supposed to even help them
-to cope with everyday life in society.
-There is another reason why the prison is not seen as an inherently unjust institution. It was the Quakers - the greatest abolitionists in history - who had invented it in the first place (as an alternative to death penalty).
 The prison abolition movement is a movement that seeks to reduce or eliminate prisons and the prison system, and replace them with more humane and effective systems. Not to be confused with prison reform, which is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons; though, relying on prisons less can significantly improve their conditions by eliminating overcrowding.[1]:3
 Some organizations such as the Anarchist Black Cross seek total abolishment of the prison system, not intending to replace it with other government controlled systems. Anarchist organizations believe that the best form of justice arises naturally out of social contracts. However, many supporters for prison abolition intend to replace it with other systems, reducing prisons to a smaller role in society.
-Contents  [hide]
 Advocates for prison abolition
 Prison reforms and alternatives