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 *Self-defense. There was no immiment threat by bin Laden to those who broke into his compound at Abottabad at night. This excludes the possibility of self-defense as a justification of the killing.
-*The laws of war. In their article "Has 'Justice been done'? The legality of bin Laden's killing under international law" (Israel Law Review 45, 2012: 341-366) Kai Ambos and Josef Alkatouta argue that the killing does not benefit from the rules of war, and that the killing, therefore, was an unlawful one. Extralegal executions are punishable as homicides.
+*The laws of war. In their article "Has 'Justice been done'? The legality of bin Laden's killing under international law" (Israel Law Review 45, 2012: 341-366) Kai Ambos and Josef Alkatouta argue that the killing does not benefit from the rules of war, since
+**the killed person had not - at the given time - taken part in hostilities and that the killing, therefore, was an unlawful one. Extralegal executions are punishable as homicides.
-Under the titel  they argue that - given the '''absence of an armed conflict''' and the '''absence of a situation of self-defense''' the killing cannot be justified within a legal framework of justice. Other frames of reference underlying the political rhetoric that uses images of an apocalyptic fight between Good and Evil are not being touched upon by the article.
-=== Law of War (Armed Conflict) ===
-Within an armed conflict (in the sense of international law), killings can easily be justified when the object of the killing is either *directly taking part in hostilities or
 *member of an "organised armed group" in the sense of the law (in which case he could have been killed qua membership and regardless of his activities).