Krimpedia – das Kriminologie-Wiki

Abolizionismo 2.1: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

Abolizionismo 2.1 (Quelltext anzeigen)

Version vom 10. Dezember 2014, 17:38 Uhr

854 Bytes hinzugefügt ,  17:38, 10. Dez. 2014
keine Bearbeitungszusammenfassung
 
(5 dazwischenliegende Versionen desselben Benutzers werden nicht angezeigt)
Zeile 1: Zeile 1:
*[[Abolizionismo 1.2]]
*[[Abolizionismo 1.3]]
*[[Abolizionismo 1.4]]
*[[Abolizionismo 2.1]]
*[[Abolizionismo 2.2]]
*[[Abolizionismo 2.3]]
*[[Abolizionismo 2.4]]
Der '''strafrechtliche Abolitionismus''' bezeichnet Lehren und Bestrebungen zur Abschaffung rechtlich institutionalisierter Zwangsverhältnisse im Bereich des Strafrechts.
Der '''strafrechtliche Abolitionismus''' bezeichnet Lehren und Bestrebungen zur Abschaffung rechtlich institutionalisierter Zwangsverhältnisse im Bereich des Strafrechts.


Zeile 120: Zeile 132:
Capital punishment in Russia has been indefinitely suspended,[1] although it is theoretically allowed, with the only legal method being shooting. There exists both an implicit moratorium established by President Boris Yeltsin in 1996, and an explicit one, established by the Constitutional Court of Russia in 1999 and which was most recently reaffirmed in 2009. Russia has not executed anyone since 1996, and the regulations of the Council of Europe prohibit it from doing so at any time in the future. However, the death penalty still remains codified.
Capital punishment in Russia has been indefinitely suspended,[1] although it is theoretically allowed, with the only legal method being shooting. There exists both an implicit moratorium established by President Boris Yeltsin in 1996, and an explicit one, established by the Constitutional Court of Russia in 1999 and which was most recently reaffirmed in 2009. Russia has not executed anyone since 1996, and the regulations of the Council of Europe prohibit it from doing so at any time in the future. However, the death penalty still remains codified.


==== India, Indonesia ===
==== India, Indonesia ====
Since 1995, the Indian Supreme Court has allowed the death penalty to be carried out in 4 instances.
Since 1995, the Indian Supreme Court has allowed the death penalty to be carried out in 4 instances.
The number of people executed in India since independence in 1947 is a matter of dispute.
The number of people executed in India since independence in 1947 is a matter of dispute.
Zeile 126: Zeile 138:
The People's Union for Civil Liberties located records of 1,422 executions in the decade from 1953 to 1963 alone.
The People's Union for Civil Liberties located records of 1,422 executions in the decade from 1953 to 1963 alone.
In December 2007 and November 2012, India voted against United Nations General Assembly resolutions against capital punishment.
In December 2007 and November 2012, India voted against United Nations General Assembly resolutions against capital punishment.
Capital punishment in Indonesia is restricted to a handful of crimes. Though the death penalty existed as a punishment from the inception of the Republic of Indonesia, the first execution did not take place until 1973.
The Indonesian government does not issue detailed statistics about every person facing the death penalty in the country. It is believed that there are around 130 people, Indonesians and foreign nationals, currently sentenced to die in Indonesia. About ten new death sentences are handed down annually, though executions are infrequent. Many of the prisoners awaiting execution have been waiting for ten years or more. Four executions took place in 2013, the first since 2008.
=== Casi individuali ===
====Innocent People ====
Innocents: in the USA, there have been 144 death row inmates released because of proof of innocence or serious doubts about their guilt.
62 out of these 144 cases had been revealed since the year 2000.
*July 27, 2007: four men served decades of prison time for a murder in 1965 they had not committed. The FBI knew of the false accusation, but did not reveal their knowledge until opening of archives in 2001. In 2007, the two surviving inmates and the families of the deceased inmates received 101.7 million USD compensation.
*June 2014: NYC makes a deal with 5 men (hispanics, black) and pays 40 million USD compensation for wrongful imprisonment in 1989. Then between 14 and 16, they had been convicted of a rape of upper-class Central Park jogger Trisha Meili. In 2002, the real offender had been found. Movie: The Central Park Five.
*The case had been the reason for Donald Trump to publicly call for the reintroduction of the death penalty in the State of New York: A full-page advertisements placed in four New York newspapers by Donald J. Trump calling for reinstatement of the death penalty grew out of the real-estate developer's ''deep-seated feeling that what's happening in society today has to be stopped,'' Mr. Trump said in a telephone interview.
*The $85,000 worth of ads, in The New York Times, The Daily News, The New York Post and New York Newsday, refer to the attack by a gang of youths on a woman jogger and others in Central Park on April 19. The 600-word appeal, signed Donald J. Trump, is titled ''Bring Back the Death Penalty. Bring Back Our Police!'' The advertisement appears today on page A13 of The Times. In the advertisement, Mr. Trump says that Mayor Edward I. Koch ''has stated that hate and rancor should be removed from our hearts.'' ''I want to hate these muggers and murderers,'' Mr. Trump wrote. ''They should be forced to suffer and, when they kill, they should be executed for their crimes.''
==== Absurd Laws ====
*[http://www.aduc.it/notizia/traffico+droghe+giustiziati+sauditi_130007.php Notizia 18 agosto 2014. Quattro sauditi sono stati decapitati] dalle autorità di Najran, nel sud-ovest del regno di Abdullah, perché colpevoli di traffico di droga. Lo ha annunciato il ministero dell'Interno di Riad in una nota diffusa dall'agenzia ufficiale Spa. I quattro detenuti saliti sul patibolo sono i due fratelli Hadi e Awad al-Motleq e altri due fratelli loro complici, Mufarraj e Ali al-Yami. Sono stati giudicati colpevoli di aver contrabbandato in Arabia Saudita "un grande quantitativo di hashish", secondo la Spa. Salgono così a 32 le condanne a morte eseguite nella monarchia del Golfo da inizio anno, mentre nel 2013 le sentenze sono state 78 in totale (2007: 129).
==== Cruel Executions ====
===== Legally Cruel =====
=====Botched executions=====
*Arizona 2014. Joseph R. Wood III. Takes two hours. Three minutes after the injection, “the violent reaction” began, she said. First, she saw his foot kick. Then his body bucked, he clenched his jaw and he began rolling his head from side to side, trying to lift his head up, grimacing and clenching his teeth. “He mumbled some things we didn’t understand,” Branstetter said. “The only thing I could make out was when he said ‘man.’” Reporters for the Associated Press and the Arizona Republic also reported seeing Wood gasp more than 600 times before dying. Michael Kiefer, a reporter for the Arizona Republic who witnessed the execution, told the Republic he counted 660 gasps.


=== Aktuelle Exekutions-Methoden ===
=== Aktuelle Exekutions-Methoden ===
Zeile 145: Zeile 184:


== Protagonisti ==
== Protagonisti ==
*1976: National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (NCADP). More than 100 affiliate organizations.
=== Italia ===
*1992: The Innocence Project was founded by Barry C. Scheck and Peter J. Neufeld at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law at Yeshiva University to assist prisoners who could be proven innocent through DNA testing. To date, more than 300 people in the United States have been exonerated by DNA testing, including 18 who served time on death row. These people served an average of 13 years in prison before exoneration and release.
 
== Italia e le Nazioni Unite ==
La pena di morte in Italia è stata usata in vari modi e in varie epoche dai tempi dell'Antica Roma fino al 1948.
La pena di morte in Italia è stata usata in vari modi e in varie epoche dai tempi dell'Antica Roma fino al 1948.


Zeile 182: Zeile 218:


:L'Italia ha poi ratificato il protocollo n. 13 alla Convenzione europea per la salvaguardia dei diritti dell'uomo e delle libertà fondamentali, relativo all'abolizione della pena di morte in qualsiasi circostanza, fatto a Vilnius il 3 maggio 2002. La legge costituzionale 2 ottobre 2007, n. 1 ("Modifica all'articolo 27 della Costituzione, concernente l'abolizione della pena di morte"), modificando l'art. 27 della Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana ha eliminato le residue disposizioni in tema (eliminando l'ultimo residuo di previsione da parte di leggi militari di guerra), sancendo per via costituzionale la non applicabilità. La pena di morte, contemplata nell'art. 17 e nell'art. 21 del codice penale italiano è oggi da ritenersi abrogata nelle parti in questione.
:L'Italia ha poi ratificato il protocollo n. 13 alla Convenzione europea per la salvaguardia dei diritti dell'uomo e delle libertà fondamentali, relativo all'abolizione della pena di morte in qualsiasi circostanza, fatto a Vilnius il 3 maggio 2002. La legge costituzionale 2 ottobre 2007, n. 1 ("Modifica all'articolo 27 della Costituzione, concernente l'abolizione della pena di morte"), modificando l'art. 27 della Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana ha eliminato le residue disposizioni in tema (eliminando l'ultimo residuo di previsione da parte di leggi militari di guerra), sancendo per via costituzionale la non applicabilità. La pena di morte, contemplata nell'art. 17 e nell'art. 21 del codice penale italiano è oggi da ritenersi abrogata nelle parti in questione.
 
=== Organizzazioni ===
== Casi individuali ==
*1976: National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (NCADP). More than 100 affiliate organizations.
 
*1992: The Innocence Project was founded by Barry C. Scheck and Peter J. Neufeld at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law at Yeshiva University to assist prisoners who could be proven innocent through DNA testing. To date, more than 300 people in the United States have been exonerated by DNA testing, including 18 who served time on death row. These people served an average of 13 years in prison before exoneration and release.
===Innocent People ===
 
Innocents: in the USA, there have been 144 death row inmates released because of proof of innocence or serious doubts about their guilt.
 
62 out of these 144 cases had been revealed since the year 2000.
 
*July 27, 2007: four men served decades of prison time for a murder in 1965 they had not committed. The FBI knew of the false accusation, but did not reveal their knowledge until opening of archives in 2001. In 2007, the two surviving inmates and the families of the deceased inmates received 101.7 million USD compensation.
 
*June 2014: NYC makes a deal with 5 men (hispanics, black) and pays 40 million USD compensation for wrongful imprisonment in 1989. Then between 14 and 16, they had been convicted of a rape of upper-class Central Park jogger Trisha Meili. In 2002, the real offender had been found. Movie: The Central Park Five.
 
*The case had been the reason for Donald Trump to publicly call for the reintroduction of the death penalty in the State of New York: A full-page advertisements placed in four New York newspapers by Donald J. Trump calling for reinstatement of the death penalty grew out of the real-estate developer's ''deep-seated feeling that what's happening in society today has to be stopped,'' Mr. Trump said in a telephone interview.
 
*The $85,000 worth of ads, in The New York Times, The Daily News, The New York Post and New York Newsday, refer to the attack by a gang of youths on a woman jogger and others in Central Park on April 19. The 600-word appeal, signed Donald J. Trump, is titled ''Bring Back the Death Penalty. Bring Back Our Police!'' The advertisement appears today on page A13 of The Times. In the advertisement, Mr. Trump says that Mayor Edward I. Koch ''has stated that hate and rancor should be removed from our hearts.'' ''I want to hate these muggers and murderers,'' Mr. Trump wrote. ''They should be forced to suffer and, when they kill, they should be executed for their crimes.''
 
=== Absurd Laws ===
*[http://www.aduc.it/notizia/traffico+droghe+giustiziati+sauditi_130007.php Notizia 18 agosto 2014. Quattro sauditi sono stati decapitati] dalle autorità di Najran, nel sud-ovest del regno di Abdullah, perché colpevoli di traffico di droga. Lo ha annunciato il ministero dell'Interno di Riad in una nota diffusa dall'agenzia ufficiale Spa. I quattro detenuti saliti sul patibolo sono i due fratelli Hadi e Awad al-Motleq e altri due fratelli loro complici, Mufarraj e Ali al-Yami. Sono stati giudicati colpevoli di aver contrabbandato in Arabia Saudita "un grande quantitativo di hashish", secondo la Spa. Salgono così a 32 le condanne a morte eseguite nella monarchia del Golfo da inizio anno, mentre nel 2013 le sentenze sono state 78 in totale (2007: 129).
 
=== Cruel Executions ===
==== Legally Cruel ====
 
====Botched executions====
*Arizona 2014. Joseph R. Wood III. Takes two hours. Three minutes after the injection, “the violent reaction” began, she said. First, she saw his foot kick. Then his body bucked, he clenched his jaw and he began rolling his head from side to side, trying to lift his head up, grimacing and clenching his teeth. “He mumbled some things we didn’t understand,” Branstetter said. “The only thing I could make out was when he said ‘man.’” Reporters for the Associated Press and the Arizona Republic also reported seeing Wood gasp more than 600 times before dying. Michael Kiefer, a reporter for the Arizona Republic who witnessed the execution, told the Republic he counted 660 gasps.


== Debattiti ==
== Debattiti ==
===Argumentazioni===
===Pro===
====Pro====
#Die Todesstrafe stellt die Gerechtigkeit wieder her. Wer tötet, muß selber getötet werden.
#Die Todesstrafe stellt die Gerechtigkeit wieder her. Wer tötet, muß selber getötet werden.
#Die Opfer bzw. deren Angehörige haben ein Recht auf Rache
#Die Opfer bzw. deren Angehörige haben ein Recht auf Rache
Zeile 218: Zeile 231:
#Die Todesstrafe ist dann richtig, wenn es den Richtigen trifft. Unschuldige dürfen nicht hingerichtet werden.
#Die Todesstrafe ist dann richtig, wenn es den Richtigen trifft. Unschuldige dürfen nicht hingerichtet werden.


====Contra====
===Contra===
# Es macht keinen Unterschied von wem man umgebracht wird, ob nach dem Gesetz oder gegen das Gesetz
# Es macht keinen Unterschied von wem man umgebracht wird, ob nach dem Gesetz oder gegen das Gesetz
# Der Todesstrafe steht der Artikel 5 der Allgemeinen Erklärung der Menschenrechte entgegen: "Niemand darf der Folter oder grausamer, unmenschlicher oder erniedrigender Behandlung oder Strafe unterworfen werden."
# Der Todesstrafe steht der Artikel 5 der Allgemeinen Erklärung der Menschenrechte entgegen: "Niemand darf der Folter oder grausamer, unmenschlicher oder erniedrigender Behandlung oder Strafe unterworfen werden."
Tiao
Bürokraten, Administratoren
31.738

Bearbeitungen

Abgerufen von „https://www.krimpedia.de/Spezial:Mobiler_Unterschied/64168...64248“