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Abolitionism: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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There is a widespread belief that, over time, the death penalty has become more and more infrequent, and that one day soon it will be abolished all over the globe. The history of death penalty legislation shows quite a different picture, though. There have always been high and low tides of the death penalty, and there are many countries which - today - have it in their criminal codes, and make use of it, too, but which in earlier times already had abolished it (and, sometimes, had abolished it more than once). | There is a widespread belief that, over time, the death penalty has become more and more infrequent, and that one day soon it will be abolished all over the globe. The history of death penalty legislation shows quite a different picture, though. There have always been high and low tides of the death penalty, and there are many countries which - today - have it in their criminal codes, and make use of it, too, but which in earlier times already had abolished it (and, sometimes, had abolished it more than once). | ||
Of a toal of 193 member states of the United Nations (2013), 97 countries have abolished capital punishment. 38 have not actively practised it for ten years or allow it only in exceptional circumstances such as wartime. 58 nations actively practise it. In Europe, the situation is special: Article 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibits the use of capital punishment in all member states. | |||
While Amnesty International considers most countries abolitionist today, there are some aspects which give less cause for optimism. For instance, the United Nations' non-binding resolution calling for a global moratorium on executions - adopted by the General Assembly in 2007, 2008 and 2010 - has had no effect whatsoever, and although the majority of nations have abolished capital punishment, over 60% of the world's population live in countries where executions take place, such as the People's Republic of China, India, the United States of America and Indonesia, the four most-populous countries in the world, which continue to apply the death penalty (even if, like in India, Indonesia and in many US states, they do so with some restraint). Each of these four nations voted against the General Assembly resolutions... | |||
===Reasons for Abolition=== | ===Reasons for Abolition=== | ||