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Abolitionism: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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=== Slavery in the USA === | === Slavery in the USA === | ||
In the USA, it took (more than) 50 years of sometimes violent controversy - and a bloody civil war - to reach abolition. Some milestones were the years | |||
*1820, when pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the U.S. Congress struck a deal concerning the extension of slavery known as the Missouri Compromise | |||
*1829, when David Walker published his Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, and when the discussion about abolition reached the Virginia legislature, while - in the Northern States - the idea was gaining ground of freeing the slaves and then resettling them back in Africa (a proposal that led to the founding of Liberia) | |||
*1831, when Nat Turner's slave rebellion ern States | |||
Nat Turner's slave rebellion in 1831 and Andrew Jackson's handling of the nullification crisis that same year. According to Louis Ruchame,[1] "The Turner rebellion was only one of about 200 slave uprisings between 1776 and 1860, but it was one of the bloodiest, and thus struck fear in the hearts of many white southerners. Nat Turner and more than 70 enslaved and free blacks spontaneously launched a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, in August 1831. They moved from farm to farm, indiscriminately killing whites along the way and picking up additional slaves. By the time the militia put down the insurrection, more than 80 slaves had joined the rebellion, and 60 whites lay dead. While the uprising led some southerners to consider abolition, the reaction in all southern states was to tighten the laws governing slave behavior."[citation needed] | |||
That same year, South Carolina's opposition to the federal tariff led the legislature to declare that the law was null and void in the state, and the state's leaders spoke of using the militia to prevent federal customs agents from collecting the tax. President Andrew Jackson swept aside the states' rights arguments and threatened to use the army to enforce federal laws. In the face of Jackson's determination, the state backed down, but the episode raised fears throughout the South that it was only a matter of time before Congress would begin to tamper with slavery. Southern anxiety increased in 1833 with the founding of the American Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia. | |||
The Society | |||
Peaceful abolitionists assembled individuals to form groups of like-minded individuals to fight as a body. Initially, groups like the American Anti-Slavery Society used lecturing and moral persuasion to attempt to change the hearts and minds of individuals. Many later activists found moral persuasion tactics insufficient and turned their attention to political lobbying. | Peaceful abolitionists assembled individuals to form groups of like-minded individuals to fight as a body. Initially, groups like the American Anti-Slavery Society used lecturing and moral persuasion to attempt to change the hearts and minds of individuals. Many later activists found moral persuasion tactics insufficient and turned their attention to political lobbying. | ||