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== | == "Abolitio" in history == | ||
In pre-modern times there was an institution called "abolitio". In Roman law, the ''abolitio publica'' (as opposed to the more technical and individual ''abolitio privata'') was comparable to a general amnesty: people who were subject to the criminal justice system were suddenly set free. Whereas an amnesty usually refers to convicts who already had been handed their verdicts, an abolition referred (and refers) to people who are accused of a crime, who are at some stage of the criminal process, but who have not yet been sentenced. In other words: an abolition is an irregular end of a criminal procedure at the will of an (absolute) ruler who exercises his sovereign right to clemency even before a judgment has been reached. | |||
To nullify, and that is also the meaning of the present-day English verb "to abolish" - and of its equivalents in today's Roman languages, like, e.g., abolir, abolire ... | |||
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The noun abolitio was used in Roman law. It meant something like "wiping out a criminal prosecution against somebody before a verdict was spoken". In other words, the lifting of criminal prosecution during the process. | The noun abolitio was used in Roman law. It meant something like "wiping out a criminal prosecution against somebody before a verdict was spoken". In other words, the lifting of criminal prosecution during the process. | ||