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Version vom 22. April 2018, 16:53 Uhr
, 16:53, 22. Apr. 2018keine Bearbeitungszusammenfassung
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== The Act of Killing: Hot and Cold == | == The Act of Killing: Hot and Cold == | ||
* | Large-scale killings need organization and obedience. Obedience requires discipline, routine, and control of individual emotions that can obstruct the chain of command. To this end, masses of individuals must be trained to accept the authority of those in command. This cannot be achieved by reliance on threats of sanctions alone, it needs the readiness of individuals to accept the justification given for the required acts of killing. It is not necessary that there be a universally accepted legitimation. All that is necessary and sufficient is that the relevant group creates a (parochial) belief system in which the required acts of killing are being justified. Such parochial justifications usually draw upon universal topics such as legitimate self-defense and states of emergency etc. - to the extent that they are effective in creating a supportive in-group belief system, such justifications help overcome natural killing inhibitions (especially with regard to helpless victims), increase killing efficiency, and prevent post-traumatic stress disorders. | ||
*Krzysztof Kieślowski's "A short film about killing" (1988) compares the senseless, violent murder of an individual to the cold, calculated execution by the state. | |||
*Victor Hugo's novel (1829) about "The Last Day of a Condemned Man" (Le Dernier Jour d'un Condamné) recounting the thoughts of a man before his execution and indirectly argues for the abolition of the death penalty. | *Victor Hugo's novel (1829) about "The Last Day of a Condemned Man" (Le Dernier Jour d'un Condamné) recounting the thoughts of a man before his execution and indirectly argues for the abolition of the death penalty. | ||
*Dave Grossman's 2009 | *Dave Grossman's book (2009) "On killing: The psychological costs of learning to kill in war and society" speaks about the preconditions for becoming an effective shooter in times of war | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Do1_68LrpbU Joshua Oppenheimer's (2012) documentary about The Act of Killing (full movie about Indonesian massacres of 1965 on YouTube)] | *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Do1_68LrpbU Joshua Oppenheimer's (2012) documentary about The Act of Killing (full movie about Indonesian massacres of 1965 on YouTube)] | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Kii5OL4p-0&t=7s The Act of Killing, scene: "Anwar on Roof" (YouTube)] | *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Kii5OL4p-0&t=7s The Act of Killing, scene: "Anwar on Roof" (YouTube)] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posen_speeches Heinrich Himmler's Posen speech Oct 4, 1943, about the need for discipline in genocidal killing of Jews]: | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posen_speeches Heinrich Himmler's Posen speech Oct 4, 1943, about the need for discipline in genocidal killing of Jews]: | ||